{"id":5113,"date":"2020-06-14T13:04:07","date_gmt":"2020-06-14T12:04:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mci-qi.org\/?p=5113"},"modified":"2021-05-14T15:01:58","modified_gmt":"2021-05-14T14:01:58","slug":"leon-trotsky-la-question-noire-aux-etats-unis-fevrier-1933","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mci-qi.org\/?p=5113","title":{"rendered":"L\u00e9on Trotsky: La question noire aux Etats-Unis, f\u00e9vrier 1933"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>28 f\u00e9vrier 1933<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Discussion entre L\u00e9on Trotsky et Arne Swabeck \u00e0 Prinkipo, o\u00f9 Trotsky r\u00e9sidait depuis son expulsion d\u2019U.R.S.S.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Arne Swabeck \u00e9tait secr\u00e9taire national de la Ligue communiste d\u2019Am\u00e9rique (CLA), une organisation de l\u2019Opposition de gauche aux Etats-Unis, form\u00e9e de militants exclus du Parti communiste \u00e0 cause de leur refus de suivre son cours stalinien. Ils constitueront plus tard le Parti socialiste des travailleurs (SWP).<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Au cours de cette discussion, Trotsky critique l\u2019approche de la question noire de ses camarades am\u00e9ricains. Ceux-ci d\u00e9fendent l\u2019id\u00e9e selon laquelle il s\u2019agit d\u2019une question de classe et de race, et qu\u2018il faut revendiquer l\u2019\u00e9galit\u00e9 sociale et politique des Noirs, tandis que Trotsky consid\u00e8re que c\u2019est aussi une question nationale, et qu\u2019il faut revendiquer le droit des Noirs \u00e0 l\u2019autod\u00e9termination. Ils discutent \u00e9galement de l\u2019appel du Parti communiste am\u00e9ricain \u00e0 la formation d\u2019un Etat noir s\u00e9par\u00e9 au sud des Etats-Unis.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/francais\/trotsky\/oeuvres\/1933\/02\/lt19330228.htm\">https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/francais\/trotsky\/oeuvres\/1933\/02\/lt19330228.htm<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Texte traduit de&nbsp;<\/em>Leon Trotsky on Black Nationalism and Self-Determinatjon<em>, publi\u00e9 sous la direction de George Breitman, Pathfinder, New York, 1978.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Documents : les lynchages aux Etats-Unis<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">l\u2019Equal Justice Initiative, association de d\u00e9fense des droits des noirs am\u00e9ricains, a recens\u00e9&nbsp;<em>\u00ab3.959 Afro-Am\u00e9ricains lynch\u00e9s dans les 12 Etats du sud des Etats-Unis entre 1877 et 1950, soit&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.slate.fr\/story\/97845\/victimes-lynchage\">700 morts de plus<\/a>&nbsp;que les chiffres habituellement cit\u00e9s\u00bb<\/em>, rapportait Claire Levenson le 11 f\u00e9vrier<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.slate.fr\/story\/98081\/237-afro-americains-morts-lynchage-arkansas-1919\">http:\/\/www.slate.fr\/story\/98081\/237-afro-americains-morts-lynchage-arkansas-1919<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A Tulsa, le plus important lynchage de l\u2019histoire am\u00e9ricaine sort de l\u2019oubli<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00ab\u00a0Apr\u00e8s deux jours d\u2019attaques, de pillages, de mises \u00e0 mort exp\u00e9ditives et de d\u00e9vastation \u2013 des avions utilis\u00e9s pour l\u2019\u00e9pandage agricole ont m\u00eame \u00e9t\u00e9 transform\u00e9s en armes de guerre, larguent des bombes incendiaires sur les maisons \u2013, trois cents victimes sont comptabilis\u00e9es.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/international\/article\/2019\/12\/23\/a-tulsa-le-plus-important-lynchage-de-l-histoire-americaine-sort-de-l-oubli_6023815_3210.html\">https:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/international\/article\/2019\/12\/23\/a-tulsa-le-plus-important-lynchage-de-l-histoire-americaine-sort-de-l-oubli_6023815_3210.html<\/a><\/p>\n<div style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\" class=\"sharethis-inline-share-buttons\" ><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>Au cours de cette discussion, Trotsky critique l\u2019approche de la question noire de ses camarades am\u00e9ricains. Ceux-ci d\u00e9fendent l\u2019id\u00e9e selon laquelle il s\u2019agit d\u2019une question de classe et de race, et qu\u2018il faut revendiquer l\u2019\u00e9galit\u00e9 sociale et politique des Noirs, tandis que Trotsky consid\u00e8re que c\u2019est aussi une question nationale, et qu\u2019il faut revendiquer le droit des Noirs \u00e0 l\u2019autod\u00e9termination.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":5118,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[42,35,34,5,33,53,37,7,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5113","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-amerique-du-nord","category-campagne-internationale","category-campagne-nationale","category-campagnes","category-documents-du-gsi","category-en-defense-du-marxisme","category-international-lutte-de-classes","category-internationaliste","category-lutte-de-classes"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mci-qi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5113","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mci-qi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mci-qi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mci-qi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mci-qi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5113"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/mci-qi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5113\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6767,"href":"https:\/\/mci-qi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5113\/revisions\/6767"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mci-qi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/5118"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mci-qi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5113"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mci-qi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5113"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mci-qi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5113"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}